2022 World Population Outlook Report From the United Nations

The following is the 2022 World Population Outlook Report From the United Nations recommended by recordtrend.com. And this article belongs to the classification: global economy , research report.

According to the report “world population outlook 2022” issued by the United Nations Department of economic and social affairs, the global population is expected to reach 8billion on November 15, 2022. The report predicts that India will overtake China as the world’s most populous country next year.

The report also predicts that the world population is expected to reach a peak of about 10.4 billion in the 1980s and maintain this level until 2100.

According to the report, it took about 12 years to grow from 7billion to 8billion, roughly the same time as the growth from 6billion to 7billion. The next billion growth is expected to take about 14.5 years to happen by 2037.

The report points out that half of the world’s population growth from 7billion to 8billion is the result of population expansion in Asia, and Africa’s contribution is the second largest, with an increase of nearly 400million; The population growth of 10 countries accounted for more than half of this billion new population, with India being the largest contributor, followed by China and Nigeria. Africa and Asia will continue to drive population growth until the world population reaches 9billion by 2037.

The report said that today, two thirds of the world’s population lives in countries or regions where the lifetime fertility rate per woman is less than 2.1 children.

Statistics show that the life expectancy of the global population at birth in 2019 reached 72.8 years, nearly 9 years higher than that in 1990. However, by 2021, life expectancy in the least developed countries will be seven years behind the global average.

In 2020, the growth rate of the world’s population has fallen below 1%, which is the slowest period since 1950. The latest population forecast of the United Nations shows that the global population will grow to 8.5 billion and 9.7 billion in 2030 and 2050, respectively, and is expected to peak in the 1980s, and will remain at this level until 2100.

World population outlook 2022 points out that fertility rates in many countries have declined rapidly in recent decades. Today, two thirds of the world’s population lives in countries or regions where the fertility rate is lower than the replacement level of 2.1 children per woman for life, that is, the fertility level of achieving zero population growth under the condition of long-term low mortality.

Due to the long-term low fertility rate and the rising population emigration rate in some countries or regions, the population of 61 countries or regions is expected to decrease by more than 1% between 2022 and 2050. Between now and 2050, more than half of the global population growth will come from the following eight countries: the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines and the United Republic of Tanzania. Sub Saharan Africa will contribute more than half of the world’s new population.

In most countries in sub Saharan Africa, as well as some countries in Asia and Latin America, the proportion of labor age population (25-64 years old) will increase due to the decline of fertility. This change in the age structure of the population will bring a limited opportunity to accelerate the rapid growth of per capita economy, namely “demographic dividend”. To maximize the advantages of this age distribution, relevant countries should invest heavily in human capital to promote productive employment and dignified work by ensuring that people of all ages enjoy health care and quality education.

The proportion of the global population aged 65 and over will increase from 10% in 2022 to 16% in 2050. By then, the number of elderly people over 65 years old will be twice that of children under 5 years old, and equal to that of children under 12 years old. Countries facing aging should gradually take measures to adjust public projects to cope with the growing elderly population, including the establishment of an inclusive health care and long-term care system by improving social welfare and optimizing the sustainability of pension systems. In 2019, the average life expectancy of the global population was 72.8 years, an increase of 9 years over 1990. A further reduction in mortality will lead to a further increase in life expectancy to 77.2 years in 2050. However, in 2021, the average life expectancy of the least developed countries is 7 years lower than the global average. The global COVID-19 epidemic since the end of 2019 affects all three parts of population change (birth, death and migration).

In 2021, the average life expectancy in the world will drop to 71.0 years. In some countries with serious epidemic, the number of pregnant women and children has experienced a brief decline, but in more countries, there is no evidence that the epidemic has affected the fertility level and trend. On the other hand, the epidemic has also seriously affected human migration, including international migration. John, director of the population division of the United Nations Department of economic and social affairs Wilmos pointed out that “due to the younger age structure of the global population today, the further actions taken by the government to promote the reduction of fertility are unlikely to affect the pace of population growth from now to the middle of this century. However, the cumulative effect of long-term low fertility will have a substantial deceleration effect on population growth in the second half of this century”.

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