Drink at least three cups of tea every day! Scientists analyzed the data of nearly 30000 people and found that drinking more tea and green tea was related to the decreased risk of gastric cancer From BJC

The following is the Drink at least three cups of tea every day! Scientists analyzed the data of nearly 30000 people and found that drinking more tea and green tea was related to the decreased risk of gastric cancer From BJC recommended by recordtrend.com. And this article belongs to the classification: Life data.

In today’s fast-paced society, drinking a cup of tea in the midst of busyness can not only eliminate fatigue, but also relieve boredom and thinking, and bring a trace of spiritual enjoyment. Data show that tea is the world’s largest beverage after water. According to statistics, the global sales volume in 2020 was about 6.3 billion kg, and it is expected to increase by 17.4% by 2025 [1].

In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that tea polyphenols have certain benefits for inflammation and the prevention of chronic diseases, including some cancers, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases [2]. However, at present, whether drinking tea is related to the risk of gastric cancer is still controversial [3-5].

Recently, the research team led by Professor Georgia martimianaki of the University of Milan published the latest analysis results in the British Journal of cancer [6]: the data of the global joint gastric cancer (stop) project shows that compared with those who don’t drink tea often, the adjusted odds ratio (or) of gastric cancer is 0.91 for those who drink tea often. If they drink 1-2 cups of tea every day, the or is 1.01; When drinking more than 3 cups of tea every day, the or decreased to 0.91.

In addition, there is a strong negative correlation between drinking tea and the risk of gastric cancer in China and Japan (or:0.67), Helicobacter pylori (HP) infected people (or:0.68), and cardiac cancer subjects (or:0.64). These data suggest that drinking tea may be a good way to prevent gastric cancer!

This study included 22 relevant studies in the stop project, covering a wide range of regions, including Greece, Italy, Canada, Russia, Portugal, the United States, Spain, Japan, Mexico, Brazil, Iran and China. There were 9438 patients with gastric cancer and 20451 controls.

Compared with the control group, the case group had a higher proportion of men (66.1% vs 59.6%), a higher proportion of people over 65 years old (52.8% vs 45.4%), and a lower socio-economic status (50.6% vs 37.3%); In addition, in the case group, the proportion of frequent smokers (8.2% vs 6.7%), the proportion of people who drink alcohol ≥ 4 cups a day (15.0% vs 11.2%), and the proportion of people with a family history of gastric cancer are more (18.4% vs 8.3%).

Through one-stage analysis, researchers found that compared with those who did not drink tea often, the adjusted or of those who drank tea often was 0.91 (95% ci:0.85-0.97); The or of two-stage analysis was similar to that of one-stage analysis (or:0.92, 95% ci:0.82-1.05).

Correlation analysis between frequent tea drinkers and gastric cancer in the whole study

Among the 22 related studies, 18 collected information about the intensity of tea drinking, of which 26.2% of the case group and 30.6% of the control group reported drinking more than 1 cup of tea every day.

The one-stage analysis showed that compared with those who drank tea infrequently, those who drank tea ≥ 1 to < 2 cups a day had an adjusted or of 1.03 (95% ci:0.94-1.12); The adjusted or was 0.98 (95% ci:0.88-1.10) for those who drank ≥ 2 to < 3 cups of tea every day; Drink more than 3 cups of tea every day, and the adjusted or is 0.91 (95% ci:0.80-1.03). Although it does not reach statistical significance (p=0.27), the or value shows a downward trend with the increase of tea drinking.

Correlation between drinking more than 3 cups of tea per day and gastric cancer

When analyzing tea drinking habits in specific categories, the results showed that compared with those who did not drink tea, those who drank cold tea or warm tea were significantly negatively correlated with the risk of gastric cancer (or:0.65, 95% ci:0.53-0.79); There was no correlation between drinking hot tea or very hot tea (or:1.04, 95% ci:0.88-1.23) and strong tea or very strong tea (or:1.11, 95% ci:0.89-1.39) and the risk of gastric cancer.

Analyze the distribution of gastric cancer cases and control groups according to tea drinking habits

The researchers further stratified the information of tea drinkers, and the results showed that there were significant heterogeneity in three variables, including geographical region (q=11.5, p<0.001), HP infection (q=5.7, p=0.017), and the source of the control group (q=8.5, p=0.003).

Among them, Asian studies showed that drinking tea was associated with a reduced risk of gastric cancer (or:0.62, 95% ci:0.48-0.81), while European and American studies had no correlation; There was a significant negative correlation in HP infected patients (or:0.68, 95% ci:0.58-0.80), but there was no correlation in uninfected patients (or:0.96, 95% ci:0.76-1.22); In addition, risk reduction was limited to population-based controlled studies (or:0.86, 95% ci:0.80-0.92), while hospital-based controlled studies were not associated (or:1.06, 95% ci:0.94-1.19).

In addition, although there was no significant heterogeneity, drinking tea also had a certain negative correlation with cardiac cancer (or:0.64, 95% ci:0.49-0.84) and non cardiac cancer (or:0.77, 95% ci:0.66), as well as intestinal histological type (or:0.76, 95% ci:0.63-0.92).

Stratified analysis of the correlation between variables and gastric cancer risk

Finally, the researchers fitted the dose-response relationship between the intensity of drinking tea and the risk of gastric cancer by natural cubic spline method. The results showed that drinking three to ten cups of tea a day gradually reduced the risk.

Correlation between tea drinking intensity (as a continuous variable) and gastric cancer risk

To sum up, this study, based on a number of research data from the global stop project, shows that there is a certain negative correlation between tea drinking and gastric cancer. But the habit of drinking tea and the type of tea have an impact on the correlation, so drinking tea to prevent gastric cancer must also be right and able to drink tea.

reference:

[1] Statista. Volume of tea consumption worldwide from 2012 to 2025 (in million kilograms). 2021. https://www.statista.com/statistics/940102/global-tea-consumption/. Accessed 2 September 2021.

[2] Singh BN, Shankar S, Srivastava RK. Green tea catechin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG): mechanisms, perspectives and clinical applications. Biochem Pharmacol. 2011;82(12):1807-1821. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2011.07.093

[3] Deandrea S, Foschi R, Galeone C, La Vecchia C, Negri E, Hu J. Is temperature an effect modifier of the association between green tea intake and gastric cancer risk?. Eur J Cancer Prev. 2010;19(1):18-22. doi:10.1097/CEJ.0b013e328330eb1a

[4] Hoshiyama Y, Kawaguchi T, Miura Y, et al. A nested case-control study of stomach cancer in relation to green tea consumption in Japan. Br J Cancer. 2004;90(1):135-138. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6601512

[5] Khan MM, Goto R, Kobayashi K, et al. Dietary habits and cancer mortality among middle aged and older Japanese living in hokkaido, Japan by cancer site and sex. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2004;5(1):58-65.

[6] Martimianaki G, Alicandro G, Pelucchi C, et al. Tea consumption and gastric cancer: a pooled analysis from the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project consortium [published online ahead of print, 2022 May 24]. Br J Cancer. 2022;10.1038/s41416-022-01856-w. doi:10.1038/s41416-022-01856-w

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