Briefing on Chinese loquat industry in 2022 From Cloud fruit

The following is the Briefing on Chinese loquat industry in 2022 From Cloud fruit recommended by recordtrend.com. And this article belongs to the classification: Life data, research report.

Loquat is the “cough memory” of a generation. It has the effects of moistening the lungs, resolving phlegm, relieving cough and relieving asthma. Loquat syrup and Chuanbei loquat cream are the first choice for many people when they catch a cold or cough. Loquat has high medicinal value. It is cool in nature and tastes sweet and sour. It can moisten the five internal organs and nourish the heart and lungs. Loquat Pulp is soft and juicy, sweet and sour, delicious and delicious. It has the effect of clearing lung, generating fluid and quenching thirst. It is a nutritious health fruit; Loquat flower can relieve cough and cure cold, sore throat and expectoration; Loquat leaves have the effects of moistening the lung, relieving cough, harmonizing the stomach, diuresis and thirst; Loquat kernel has the effects of resolving phlegm, relieving cough, soothing liver and regulating qi; Loquat peel can cure hiccup, eating less and vomiting; Loquat root has curative effect on chronic cough due to asthenia and joint pain.

Loquat is a small evergreen tree belonging to loquat of Rosaceae. It is one of the early artificially cultivated fruits in China. It is named because its leaves look like the musical instrument “Pipa”. It has been recorded in historical data for more than 2000 years. Among them, the literary works include “Lu orange ripens in summer, Huang Gan orange, loquat persimmon, tingnai Magnolia” — Shanglin Fu, Chinese medicine classics such as “loquat is a good medicine for calming the stomach and reducing Qi, clearing away heat and relieving summer heat” — compendium of Materia Medica, diet and health preservation works “eat more to help damp generate phlegm, avoid those with spleen deficiency and slippage” — Diet Manual for living with rest. Since the founding of new China, loquat cultivation technology and production scale have been continuously developed and expanded, and have successively experienced research and development stages such as “seedling raising technology and seed selection”, “cultivation resource investigation and research”, “germplasm innovation and new variety breeding”, “regional cultivation”, “storage logistics technology research and development and its integrated application”; A batch of excellent new loquat varieties have been bred successively, such as “Jiefangzhong”, “Taicheng No. 4” and “Changhong No. 3” in Fujian, “Luoyang Qing”, “unilateralism” and “Ninghaibai” in Zhejiang, “Baiyu”, “Guanyu”, “Fengyu”, “xiahong” and “Shicheng” in Jiangsu, “Huabao No. 2” and “Huabao No. 3” in Hubei, “big five stars” in Longquanyi District, Chengdu, Sichuan Province. Among them, “Jiefangzhong” has been introduced into Guangdong, Yunnan and other provinces as the main variety for a long time, and “big five stars” has been introduced to Guizhou, Longnan and other places, becoming the variety with the largest cultivation area in China. In terms of cross breeding, Zaozhong No. 6, the first Loquat Variety bred by cross breeding in China, was introduced from Japan in 1978 by Fujian fruit tree Research Institute as a parent and obtained by cross breeding with the local excellent variety “xiefangzhong”.

Loquat, also known as Luju, Jinwan and Luzhi, has white or orange skin. Its fruit is round, obovate or oval in vertical section. It is called “three sisters in early summer” together with Bayberry and cherry. It has the characteristics of fast growth and early fruit. Loquat has strong ecological suitability. In areas where the annual average temperature is above 15 ℃, the minimum temperature in winter is above -5 ℃, and the temperature in young fruit period is above -3 ℃, loquat can achieve good harvest. Loquat is a fruit tree native to the forest community. It requires less light at the seedling stage. In order to meet the needs of flower bud differentiation and fruit growth and development, loquat requires higher light at the adult stage, and the growth season of a year is more photogenic than the dormant period. Loquat likes humid climate. It usually blooms and bears fruit in areas with annual rainfall of 800~2200mm. However, excessive drought will inhibit the growth, development and flowering of loquat trees. When the soil moisture content or groundwater level is too high, it is easy to cause root rot or a large number of dead roots, resulting in poor growth or death of plants.

According to the investigation and research of domestic scholars, it is generally believed that loquat originated in Ya’an area in the upper reaches of Dadu River in Sichuan Province. After Chinese ancestors discovered loquat, they introduced it to the north and south of the river and widely cultivated in various regions of China. Japan, the Netherlands, the United States and other countries introduced loquat directly or indirectly from China. Among them, Japan was the first country to introduce loquat from China; In the early 18th century, loquat was introduced into Holland from Japan; Britain, France and Spain were introduced in the late 18th century; Loquat was introduced into South America in the early 19th century; Introduced in the United States in the late 19th century, there are many loquat garden trees more than 100 years old in the southern United States. Today, loquat has been widely cultivated in more than 30 countries around the world.

Based on the loquat cultivation area, output and other data accumulated during the operation of cloud fruit industry brain, this paper analyzes the loquat industry production, market demand, research status and processing technology in China, so as to provide reference for enterprises and units engaged in loquat industry research, cultivation, processing, storage, packaging, transportation, sales and other activities.

Core opinions

1. in terms of production capacity, China is the largest loquat producer in the world. According to incomplete statistics, the total area of loquat cultivation in China is nearly 2million mu, with an annual output of more than 900000 tons, accounting for more than 80% of the global loquat output. The main production areas are concentrated in Sichuan and Chongqing (Sichuan, Chongqing), Jiangsu and Zhejiang (Jiangsu, Zhejiang), Fujian and other places. Among them, Sichuan Province ranks first in terms of loquat cultivation area and yield, with a cultivation area of nearly 1million Mu and a yield of nearly 400000 tons, accounting for 70% of the country; Chongqing has a loquat cultivation area of about 276000 Mu and an annual output of about 130500 tons; The cultivated area of loquat in Jiangsu Province is about 58000 mu, with an annual output of about 20000 tons; The cultivated area of loquat in Zhejiang Province is about 208000 mu, and the annual output is about 87200 tons; The cultivated area of loquat in Fujian Province is about 250000 mu, with a perennial yield of more than 150000 tons.

2. from the perspective of main varieties and characteristic brands, the main varieties of loquat in China are “big five stars”, “Zaozhong No. 6”, “Jiefangzhong”, “white pear”, “soft strip Baisha”, “Dahongpao” and “Luoyang Qing”, among which “big five stars” and “Zaozhong No. 6” have the largest area. “Wengong loquat, Panzhihua loquat, Shimian loquat, tianxiandong loquat” in Sichuan Province, “Dongshan Baisha loquat, Xishan Qingzhong loquat” in Jiangsu Province, “Luqiao loquat, Tangqi loquat, Lanxi loquat, Ninghai White Loquat, Lishui loquat” in Zhejiang Province, and “Yunxiao loquat, Yidu loquat” in Fujian Province have been recognized as “National Geographic Indication Products”.

3. from the perspective of market demand, loquat has significant economic benefits. Fruit trees are excellent evergreen tree species; The fruit is sweet and delicious. In addition to fresh food, it can also be processed into canned fruit, jam, preserved fruit, jelly, fruit juice, fruit wine, fruit vinegar and other products; Its fruit, flower, leaf, skin and root are of high medicinal value, which can be used as medicine and high-quality bio industrial raw materials. With the development of advanced processing technology, loquat has become a popular product due to its unique fresh flavor, rich nutritional value, special health care function and excellent processing performance. Under the industry background of “population increase, income growth, industrial structure adjustment, urbanization level improvement, residents’ purchasing power improvement, rapid development of e-commerce for fresh fruits” and “direct consumption and processing consumption of fruits rise with each passing day”, loquat prices also show an upward trend. In terms of loquat breeding objectives, the market tendency is mainly to study the characteristics of yield, resistance, storage and transportation resistance, quality (few or no nuclei), resistance to extensive management, and easy mechanized operation.

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