Research and judgment on the development of new formats and models of digital economy From CCID think tank
The following is the Research and judgment on the development of new formats and models of digital economy From CCID think tank recommended by recordtrend.com. And this article belongs to the classification: Digital economy, research report.
The new business format and new model is a new commercial form, new business links, new industrial organization and new value chain formed by the reconstruction and integration of industrial elements, with digital technology innovation and application as the traction, data element value transformation as the core, diversification, personalization as the direction. It is a dynamic factor related to the high-quality development of digital economy and has strong growth potential. Thanks to the “black swan” effect of COVID-19, digital technology has been integrating with various industries “getting better and better”. The new mode of industry, represented by online office, online education and internet medical treatment, has been undergoing continuous iteration and accelerated maturity. “Non-contact”, “home life” and “cloud consumption” have become the new norm of digital survival. They are adapting, leading and creating new demands for China’s economic transformation and development. Inject new vitality into the construction of a modern economic system. Recently, the national development and Reform Commission, the central network information office, the Ministry of industry and information technology and other 13 departments jointly issued the report on supporting the healthy development of new business forms and new models Opinions on activating the consumer market and promoting the expansion of employment. Through institutional integrated innovation, it will further activate the consumer and employment market, better release the innovation efficiency of digitization in various economic fields, promote rapid economic recovery, accelerate transformation and achieve high-quality development.
I. characteristics of the times
(I) development mechanism
1. Technology driven: digital technology enables the development of new business formats and new models
Digital technologies represented by cloud computing, big data, edge computing, artificial intelligence and digital twins are the key driving forces for the iterative upgrading of new business forms and new models, promote data integration, resource flow and value sharing, and realize configuration optimization, efficiency improvement and social synergy. Cloud computing realizes the convenient access of network data and the on-demand sharing of computing resources, improves the coordination ability between departments, and reduces the technical threshold of digital resource management. Big data realizes the deep mining of massive data, promotes the transformation of data resources into valuable information, and has carried out a large number of application services in optimizing production, reducing energy consumption, precision marketing and so on. Edge computing enables localized data processing, reduces cloud transmission mileage, enables faster data processing and analysis, and improves application service efficiency. Artificial intelligence endows machines with the ability of interactive learning, and has derived rich industry application scenarios in the fields of intelligent manufacturing, drug research and development, unmanned driving and so on. Digital twin promotes the interconnection, interoperability and interoperability between physical production and digital manufacturing, and helps manufacturing systems realize agile analysis, global optimization and intelligent decision-making.
2. Epidemic situation forced: COVID-19 prevention and control trigger digital survival mechanism
During the epidemic, the survival pressure brought by the whole people’s home is unprecedented, forcing people to migrate all kinds of social relations to online digital space with the help of digital technology, promote digital survival and development, and accelerate the digitization process of the whole society. In terms of life, the e-commerce platform ensures the sufficient supply of daily necessities and epidemic prevention supplies. The live broadcast with goods and micro economy expand the shopping channel of “home life”, and contactless distribution greatly improves many inconveniences caused by limited travel during the epidemic. In terms of work and learning, platforms such as video conference and online education have built new interactive scenes for people online. In terms of leisure and entertainment, more and more films, TV programs and original content have opened up special online broadcasting areas, and online dramas, online movies and online integration have become cultural and entertainment meals for people to relax. In terms of information dissemination, digital media such as portal, search engine and content distribution have replaced traditional paper media and become the mainstream way for people to obtain information. In terms of social networking, in the past, the single social networking of acquaintances based on daily life has been transformed into online social networking based on microblog, wechat, twitter and other software, which has derived new communities such as stranger social networking and interest social networking. In terms of community management, the rapid promotion of UAV patrol and shouting, video call and intelligent security effectively ensured the smooth development of epidemic prevention and control.
3. Demand upgrading: the upgrading of consumer sovereignty consciousness stimulates the long tail effect
The upgrading of consumers’ demand is no longer satisfied with standardized goods. They hope to inject unique ideas and personality into the design and production of goods, and pay more attention to the dual quality of products and supporting services. On the one hand, the information between the buyer and the seller is more balanced. With the help of e-commerce platform, third-party evaluation and other channels, consumers have mastered transparent and reliable commodity information. Businesses provide more refined value-added services by mastering consumers’ portrait information to meet consumers’ personalized, scene and novel long tail needs. On the other hand, people’s consumption demand is polarized under the influence of income and consumption concept. High income people pursue time, experience and brand first, and pay more attention to life cycle experience and real-time consumption scenes; The real “public demand” in the sinking market is more inclined to pursue practicality, reflecting the rational return on the road of consumption upgrading.
4. Essential pursuit: value pursuit leads enterprise reform and innovation
With the weakening of economic regularity, enterprises actively seek digital means to break through the development dilemma, and rely on new elements such as data, information, technology and knowledge to explore new models, new values and new business opportunities. WEF’s impact of the fourth industrial revolution on the supply chain points out that the digital transformation has reduced the cost of manufacturing enterprises by 17.6%, increased the revenue by 22.6%, reduced the cost of logistics service industry by 34.2% and increased the revenue by 33.6%. Especially in this epidemic, enterprises with good digital foundation quickly returned to work and production, and quickly launched new products and services around the new needs brought by the epidemic, so as to effectively realize the “turning point in crisis”. For example, some equipment enterprises rely on the information sharing platform to monitor and warn the market demand, production capacity and supply chain support, realize the efficient matching and docking of equipment, materials and logistics, promote the coordination of upstream and downstream, production, supply and marketing, and deploy in advance, flexibly change production and share production capacity for the key links that may stop production and supply, so as to ensure the safety of masks Medical equipment and other key materials for epidemic prevention. After the “new crown” campaign, more and more enterprises intuitively and deeply feel the advantages brought by digitization and begin to plan more deeply the transformation path, method and mode suitable for the development foundation. The pursuit of profit maximization is not only a proposition that entrepreneurs constantly think about, but also an inexhaustible driving force to promote social innovation and enterprise reform.
(II) main features
1. From the perspective of development concept, green sharing runs through the main line
The new data-driven economy is a resource-saving and environment-friendly green economy. For industries with many links in the industrial chain such as automobile and housing and long product production cycle, lagging information transmission may lead to overcapacity in the upstream of the industrial chain. The new business type and new model has the characteristics of high digitization, short production cycle and low consumption threshold. There will be no obvious increase in marginal cost. Even with the expansion of output value, the increase in production cost will be smaller and smaller, which will alleviate the pressure of energy resources and environmental constraints, and it is not easy to lead to excess supply. In addition, the new business format and new model not only help to improve economic benefits, but also realize cleaner production. For example, platforms such as shared production and shared travel uniformly allocate social spare resources in an intensive way, which improves the utilization efficiency of stock resources. The popularity of online education, internet medical care, online office and other applications has greatly reduced the traffic flow of urban travel and formed a new green and sustainable digital life model. Improve product design by analyzing power big data to reduce energy consumption at the source; Through the reconstruction of production links such as flexible production and personalized customization, we can realize the accurate control of input and output and avoid the waste of resources caused by excess supply.
2. From the perspective of factor input, data-driven innovation and development
With the comprehensive popularization of the network, ubiquitous computing and extensive connection of elements, a steady stream of data can be generated. Data elements break the limited supply constraints of traditional elements such as land, capital and labor, and have become an important driving force for discovering new knowledge, creating new value and improving new capabilities. The characteristics of strong data replicability, fast iteration speed, high reuse value and unlimited supply determine that the larger the data scale and more dimensions, the higher the marginal value of the data. The integration of data into the functional development of smart wearable devices, smart homes and smart connected vehicles has promoted the leapfrog innovation of information products and services; Data is integrated into e-commerce, finance and other businesses, and user portraits are carried out through data analysis and mining to derive new consumer services such as precision marketing, advertising push, credit lending and personal health management; The integration of data into the social governance of transportation, social security and environmental protection has promoted the formation of a new digital governance model of data-driven decision-making, benefiting the public. Data flow drives capital flow, talent flow and material flow, which will continue to break through the boundaries of region, organization and technology, and comprehensively improve the efficiency and level of resource allocation, so as to effectively promote the continuous development of economy and society.
3. From the perspective of participants, the subjects of cross-border integration are diverse
In terms of economic development, cross-border integration is the most direct path for business innovation. Cross border cooperation among enterprises forms a community of interests. By introducing new business ideas, technologies, methods and means, and using modern tools to activate and optimize the allocation of resources, enterprises can innovate business models and reshape the value chain. In terms of social governance, the government focuses on Multi-Agent Coordination and system guarantee. Platform enterprises and social organizations can effectively supplement government governance means in the field of insufficient supply of government public goods and services because they have a large amount of industry data and market flexibility. In the first mock exam, the platform companies quickly launched on-line maps, health codes and other products, and coordinated various resources with their own logistics channels. They played a decisive role in supporting front-line, logistics support, serving the people’s livelihood and resource empowerment. In terms of people’s livelihood security, micro economy and short video have created tens of thousands of flexible jobs by empowering the public, and the new individual economy with “broad public participation, resource sharing and production and consumption integration” as its core value has been rapidly popularized. For example, a large number of “new self-employed” and sideline innovators in the fields of financial management, childcare and education, medical and health care, art design and life services have sprung up, and the supply capacity and creativity from the most individual subjects have been awakened. With the in-depth excavation of individual subjects’ personalized and high-end long tail demand, the existing products and services have been continuously enriched and refined.
4. From the perspective of value realization, the value spillover effect is prominent
With the help of platforms and networks, the new business forms and models have quickly realized technology renewal, mode diffusion and value-added, driven the common development of upstream and downstream industries, and realized the cycle multiplication of high sustainability of value output. In terms of employment, new formats such as e-commerce, online car hailing, takeout, express delivery and live delivery have added a large number of jobs. Take e-commerce as an example. According to McKinsey’s calculation, for every 100 yuan of online retail, 39 yuan is the new consumption expenditure. The derivative effect of e-commerce industry has directly driven the rapid growth of advertising, marketing and distribution, payment, warehousing, logistics, express and other related service industries. Among them, the express industry has achieved an increase of more than 27% for five consecutive years, and more than 50% of its revenue comes from e-commerce. More and more people rely on social platforms, we media platforms, maker platforms and other channels to share knowledge and start a part-time business. As a result, new products, new services, new applications and new scenes continue to emerge, resulting in a wide range of spillover effects.
(III) manifestation
According to different modes of operation, we divide the new business forms and modes into four categories and 15 sub categories (as shown in Table 1). Among them, online education, internet medical care, online office and digital governance focus on activating new consumer markets; Industrial platform, digital transformation, “virtual” industrial clusters and unmanned economy have brought new momentum to the expansion of the real economy; Independent employment, micro economy and multi-point practice focus on opening up new space for consumption and employment; Shared life, shared production, shared means of production, data factor circulation, etc. focus on creating new ways of supply of production factors.
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