Fish oil is not IQ tax? Studies have found that high levels of DHA in the blood reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease by 50%!
The following is the Fish oil is not IQ tax? Studies have found that high levels of DHA in the blood reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease by 50%! recommended by recordtrend.com. And this article belongs to the classification: Life data.
In recent years, with the concept of health deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, fish oil has a great wind in the domestic and foreign health care products market, and is even known as “liquid gold”. Earlier, a report from the National Institutes of Health said that fish oil ranked third among the most widely used dietary supplements in the United States, second only to vitamins and minerals.
Is fish oil an “IQ tax”? But also from its composition. Fish oil, that is, unsaturated fat in fish, is mainly omega-3 fatty acids, including EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid). In fact, the contents of EPA and DHA in ordinary fish are very small, so deep-sea fish are generally used to extract fish oil.
A large number of studies have shown that omega-3 fatty acids are beneficial to health, and the most “out of the loop” is the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Recently, American researchers found that the level of DHA in blood is also associated with the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)!
On June 9, a paper entitled “red blood cell DHA is inversely associated with risk of incident Alzheimer’s disease and all cause dementia: Framingham Offspring Study” was published in nutrition, a famous journal in the field of nutrition. This prospective study was jointly carried out by scholars from the American fatty acid Institute, Boston University, the University of South Dakota and other units.
The results showed that people with higher levels of DHA in the blood were 49% less likely to suffer from Alzheimer’s disease than those with lower levels. Increasing DHA intake may reduce the risk of AD, which is associated with carrying apolipoprotein E4 (apoE- ε 4) Allelic ad is more significant in high-risk individuals.
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14122408
Researchers recruited 3021 participants from the Framingham offspring cohort and recorded their erythrocyte DHA content (expressed as a percentage of DHA and total fatty acids in erythrocytes) and related apoE- ε 4 genotype information. Then, during the median follow-up of 7.2 years, the patients were tested for neurocognition and diagnosed with AD and dementia.
After the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 1490 participants ≥ 65 years old and without dementia at baseline were finally included in this study.
DHA content in red blood cells is negatively correlated with the risk of AD and all-cause dementia
The fully adjusted model showed that participants with higher DHA content (q5>6.1%) had a 49% lower risk of AD and a 44% lower risk of all-cause dementia than those with less DHA in the blood (q1<3.8%).
After adjusting for age, gender and apoE- ε 4. In the model after gene carrying, for each increase of DHA content in red blood cells (sd=1.4%), the risk of ad in participants decreased significantly by 20%.
Specifically, compared with those with the lowest DHA content in red blood cells, participants with high DHA levels could prolong the time of not suffering from ad for 4.65 years and all-cause dementia for 4.03 years.
Benefits of high DHA levels in the blood
As mentioned above, omega-3 fatty acids include DHA and EPA. Since there is a relationship between the content of DHA in the body and the risk of AD, is there a similar relationship between EPA and omega-3 fatty acids?
However, the researchers found that the increase of EPA and omega-3 fatty acid content in red blood cells was not significantly correlated with the reduction of AD risk, and there was only a slight trend.
EPA content in red blood cells and HR of AD and all-cause dementia
For carrying apoE- ε For high-risk groups with 4 genes, DHA supplementation has greater benefits
Previous studies have confirmed that apoE- ε 4 is the main genetic risk factor of AD. Carry an apoE- ε Allele 4 can increase the risk of AD by 3-4 times.
The basic information survey of this study also confirms this point. Of the total 1490 participants, 1155 were non apoE- ε Among the 4 gene carriers, 6.7% and 8.9% had ad and all-cause dementia during the follow-up period. And in 335 apoes- ε Among the 4 gene carriers, 16.1% developed AD and 19.4% developed all-cause dementia, much higher than the former.
APOE- ε 4 gene carriers and non apoE- ε 4. AD and incidence rate of all-cause dementia in gene carriers
Then, researchers became interested in the interaction between APOE genotype and DHA. Whether dietary DHA supplementation can effectively delay the carrying of apoE- ε What about the onset time of ad in high-risk population with 4 genes, so as to improve personal quality of life and social medical burden?
Will carry and non carry apoE- ε The participants of 4 genes were analyzed separately, and it was found that increasing DHA levels reduced the risk of ad in apoE- ε 4. The benefits are more obvious among gene carriers.
In the continuous linear model, apoE can be observed when DHA level in red blood cells increases by one standard deviation- ε The risk of ad in participants with 4 genes was reduced by 29%; The risk of ad in non carriers decreased, but it was not significant.
a. No apoE- ε 4 genes, risk changes of ad B. carrying apoE- ε 4 genes, risk changes of all-cause dementia
c. No apoE- ε 4 gene, risk change of all-cause dementia D. carrying apoE- ε 4 genes, risk changes of ad
The study pointed out that only by increasing the DHA content in the diet, it can effectively delay AD and improve its impact on public health, and the “cost performance” is very high.
Interestingly, the data of this study were collected from the Framingham offspring cohort. In the original Framingham Study cohort 15 years ago, another group of researchers found a similar situation: participants with high levels of plasma phosphatidylcholine DHA had a significantly reduced risk of all-cause dementia by 47% compared with those with low levels.
William S. Harris, the corresponding author of this study and director of the American fatty acid Institute, said, “in a similar gene pool, almost the same findings have been found in people separated by a generation, which also confirms the relationship between DHA and dementia.”
The researchers also emphasized that dietary DHA supplementation has an apoE effect on cognitive health- ε 4 gene carriers are beneficial, but it is too late to supplement DHA when they have already suffered from ad or mild cognitive impairment. DHA supplementation is for prevention rather than treatment.
How much should we add? The researchers suggest that the daily dietary DHA intake of high-risk people is about 2G, which may slow down the occurrence of AD.
In fact, Chinese people’s intake of DHA and EPA is seriously insufficient, far less than the recommended daily intake of EPA + DHA of 0.25-2.0g. If this article can make you pay more attention to dietary DHA in your life and help you stay away from AD, it is naturally the best~
reference material:
[1]Red Blood Cell DHA Is Inversely Associated with Risk of Incident Alzheimer’s Disease and All-Cause Dementia: Framingham Offspring Study, Nutrients (2022). DOI: 10.3390/nu14122408 [2] https://medicalxpress.com/news/2022-06-people-high-omega-dha-blood.htmlFrom: biological Valley
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